Turbine
Plain English
A system that breaks up data into small pieces and sends them efficiently across the network, like how BitTorrent shares files. Instead of sending a whole block to everyone, Turbine splits it up and shares pieces through different paths, making it much faster.
Technical
Block propagation protocol inspired by BitTorrent that breaks data into packets and transmits them through neighborhoods of nodes. Leaders split blocks into shards, which are distributed across layers of validators. Each validator forwards packets to a small set of peers, reducing bandwidth requirements from O(N²) to O(log N) while maintaining fast network propagation.