Rollups (Optimistic vs ZK)
Plain English
Layer 2 solutions that batch many transactions together and post them to the main chain. Optimistic rollups assume transactions are valid unless challenged. ZK rollups use mathematical proofs to guarantee validity. Both increase throughput while inheriting main chain security.
Technical
Layer 2 scaling solutions that execute transactions off-chain and post compressed data on-chain. Optimistic rollups assume validity with fraud proof challenges during dispute periods. ZK rollups use zero-knowledge proofs for immediate validity verification. Both inherit Layer 1 security while dramatically increasing throughput and reducing costs.